Here is a list of dams build on different rivers which is important for competitive exams. A questions from this sheet was recently asked in SBI clerical Exam 2016.
River Project River, State, Height and Length
Baglihar Dam Jammu and Kashmir, on Chenab River, Height 143 meters, Length 364.362 meters
Bhakra Nangal Dam Punjab and Himachal Pradesh, on Sutlej River, Height 226 meters, Length 520 meters
Bhavanisagar Dam Tamil Nadu, on Bhavani River, Height 105 feet, Length 1700 meters
Bisalpur Dam Rajasthan, on Banas River, Height 130 feet, Length 1883 feet
Cheruthoni Dam Kerela, on Cheruthoni River, Height 450 feet, length 2300 feet
Hirakud Dam Odisha, on Mahanadi River, Height 60.96 meters, Length 25.8 km
Indira Sagar Dam Madhya Pradesh, on Narmada River, Height 92m, Length 653m
Jamrani Dam Uttarakhand, on Gola River, Height 130.6 meters, Length 465 meters
Koyna Dam Maharashtra, Koyna River, Height 339 feet, Length 2648 feet
Krishnarajasagar Dam Karnataka, on Kaveri River, Height 125 feet, Length 3.5 km
Maithon Dam Jharkhand, on Barakar River, Height 165 feet, Length 15712 feet
Mettur Dam Tamil Nadu, on Kaveri River, Height 120 feet, Length 1700 meters
Nagarjuna Sagar Dam Andhra Pradesh and Telangana, on Krishna River, Height 124 meters, Length 1450 meters
Nagi Dam Bihar, on Nagi River, Height 113.5 meters, Length 1884 meters
Pakal Dul Dam Jammu and Kashmir, on Marusudar River, Height 167 meters, Length 305 meters
Pong Dam Himachal Pradesh, on Beas River, Height 132.59 meters, Length 1950.7 meters
Ranjit Sagar Dam Punjab, on Ravi River, Height 145 meters, Length 617 meters
Rihand Dam Uttar Pradesh, on Rihand River, Height 299 feet, Length 3064 feet
Salal Dam Jammu and Kashmir, on Chenab River, Height 113 meters, Length 487 meters
Sardar Sarovar Dam (Narmada Dam) Gujarat, on Narmada River, Height 163 meters, Length 1210 meters
Subansiri Lower Dam Arunachal Pradesh, on Subansiri River, Height 130 meters, Length 284 meters
Teesta-V Dam Sikkim, on Teesta River, Height 86.8 meters, Length 176.5 meters
Tehri Dam Uttarakhand, on Bhagirathi River, Height 260 meters, Length 575 meters
Tunga Bhadra Dam Karnataka, on Tungabhadra River, Height 49.38 meters, Length 2441 meters
Ukai Dam Gujarat, on Tapi River, Height 81 meters, Length 4927 meters